![]() ![]() We begin with a brief review of the fundamentals of NPS theory and measurement, derive explicit expressions for calculation of the one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) NPS, and discuss some of the considerations and tradeoffs when these concepts are applied to digital systems. Measurements of the NPS of two detectors for digital mammography are presented to illustrate some of the implications of the choices available. Practical indicators of clinical efficiency and proficiency known as key performance indicators (KPIs) can provide a quick and easy conduit for communication with nonclinical personnel at the administrative, vendor, and regulatory levels.Noise characterization through estimation of the noise power spectrum (NPS) is a central component of the evaluation of digital x-ray systems. Automated data analysis and management in radiography is a simple way to improve the objectivity and consistency of clinical testing results without devoting excess time to data collection and analytics. Exposure‐based technique charts are merely one way to optimize quality in the digital imaging workflow. By drawing on basic radiography physics principles and image quality analytics, physics support can yield impactful changes in the image processing workflow. This chapter presents image processing management, virtual grids, and rib suppression that detail opportunities in which clinical medical physics is uniquely positioned to provide much needed support and advice in the way of radiographic image processing. Patients dose optimization is recommended to ensure the patients received a minimal dose while obtaining the diagnostic findings.Īs the oldest and most common of imaging modalities, radiography is ubiquitous in the practice of medical imaging. The patient's doses were comparable for the chest X-ray procedures, while patients' doses from the lumbar spine showed variation up to 2 folds due to the variation in patients' weight and X-ray machine setting. All the CR system available in the medical centers and upgraded from old X-ray systems to new systems, has been found to work well. CR's image quality and sensitivity were evaluated, and the CR image is good because it has good contrast and resolution. ![]() All the centers satisfy all the criteria of acceptable visual tests. The three medical diagnostic centers' CR system performance was evaluated and found that all of the three centers have good CR system functions. The mean and sd for the patient's chest doses were 0.1 ± 0.01 for the chest X-ray procedures. The mean and standard deviation (sd) for patients ESAK (mGy) were 2.56 ± 0.1 mGy and 1.6 mGy for the Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral projections for the lumbar spine, respectively. A total of 199 patients were examined (112 chest X rays, 77 lumbar spine). Entrance surface air kerma (ESAK (mGy) was calculated from patient exposure parameters using DosCal software for three imaging modalities. The following tools were used in this study: Tape measure, Adhesive tape, 1.5 mm copper filtration (>10 × 10 cm), TO 20 threshold contrast test object, Resolution test object (e.g., Huttner 18), MI geometry test object or lead ruler, Contact mish, Piranha (semiconductor detector), Small lead or copper block (∼5 × 5 cm), and Steel ruler, to do a different type of tests (Dark Noise, Erasure cycle efficiency, Sensitivity Index calibration, Sensitivity Index consistency, Uniformity, Scaling errors, Blurring, Limiting spatial Resolution, Threshold, and Laser beam Function. ![]() The study was performed at three medical diagnostic centers in Sudan: Medical Corps Hospital (MCH), Advance Diagnostic Center (ADC), and Advance Medical Center (AMC). Therefore, assessing the patient's dose and CR system performance is necessary to ensure that patients received minimal dose with the highest possible image quality. Previous studies showed that CR systems involve higher patient radiation doses compared to digital systems. Computed tomography is widely used for planar imaging. ![]()
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